Mod Details
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Here is the 451 starter motor (all models except MHD). The solenoid is the small barrel sitting on top. Remove the 13mm nuts from the back.

You’ll find 2 screw heads in the end of the solenoid.

I found them to be very tight so I clamped it in the vice and used a PZ2 screwdriver bit in a ratchet.

With those bolts out, the solenoid falls out and falls apart.
What Does The Solenoid Do?
The solenoid is an electromagnet with a piston inside that is pulled back when electrified and pushes forward by a spring when power is removed.
The piston pulls a lever that extends the starter motor cog into the engine to turn it. Finally, when the solenoid piston pulls all the way back, it creates an electrical contact between the battery and the motor. So the cog extends and makes contact with the flywheel of the clutch before the motor is powered which spins the engine.